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  ❶ Reference Building
  Financial Parameters
 
Actual square-unit of a building that may be leased or rented to tenants, the area upon which the lease or rental payments are computed. It usually excludes common areas, elevator shafts, stairways, and space devoted to cooling, heating, or other equipment. Also called net leasable area. +
Saleable / rentable area
 
If it is expected that the property is sold within the lifespan of 30 years you can a value years here. If the propoerty is not going to be sold choose 100 years in this field. This year you enter here controls the following:
In which year the building is sold - sales revenues are included in the present value of the results graph. No business benefits will be assumed to be generated after the specified sales year.
Note: The entered value assumes that sales are final day in the year indicated. That is, if you choose 10 years, assumed a sale take place the last day in the year 10.
+
Expected sales year
 
Enter the expected property value if it is expected that the building will be sold. The expected property value is an opinion of what a property would sell for in a competitive market based on the features and benefits of that property (the value), the overall real estate market, supply and demand, and what other similar properties have sold for in the same condition. +
Assumed property value €/m²
 
Rental income of the property per rentable area per year. +
Rents to tenants €/m²yr
 
The term 'yield' refers to the return that an investor receives in the form of income when selling the building, in relation to the amount of money expended on the property. +
Expected yield
 
Chose if the property is rented out completely externally, or used internally by the owner. This will have an impact on weather you can use added values like productivity, staff turnover and sick leaves(only for owner occupied office buildings). +
Rental or owner occupation
 
 
This input is only relevant if the property is rented out externally. Real estate vacancy rate is the percentage of all units in one rental property that are unoccupied during a particular time. Vacancy rate is calculated by multiplying the number of vacant units by 100 and then dividing that by the total number of units in the building +
Estimated vacancy rate
 
This input is only relevant offices only and if the property is rented out externally.
Enter the total number of people the property is dimensioned here.
+
Number of employees (office) employees
         
  Energy Parameters
 
The Treated Floor Area (TFA) is a measure of the usable internal floor area, contained within the Thermal Envelope. The TFA is a very important metric because the annual space heat (or cooling) demandto be entered below is divided by the TFA to give the Specific Annual Space Heat (or Cooling) Demand. +
Treated floor area
 
Space heating demand. The amount of active heating input required to heat a building usually expressed in kWh/m2/yr. It is often calculated using building energy software applications such as PHPP, National building certificate calculation, building simulation e.g. +
Heating demand kWh/m²yr
 
Space cooling demand. The amount of active cooling input required to achieve a defined a maximum indoor comfort temperature a building usually expressed in kWh/m2/yr. It is often calculated using building energy software applications such as PHPP, National building certificate calculation, building simulation e.g. +
Cooling demand kWh/m²yr
 
Electricity demand is defined as the electrical energy consumed in the building to meet the needs of the household/ office (excluding heating and cooling). +
Electricity demand kWh/m²yr
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  ❷ nZEB Variant
  Financial Parameters 
 
Please enter the expected additional costs for the alterbative nZEB variant compared to the reference building.
Explanation: Additional costs may overall be the following: - Certification Related (fee and consultation) - Energy-Related (building envelope, HVAC, renewable energy system - Indoor Climate Related (choice of building materials, installations, monitoring systems, monitoring) - Image Related (green roof, wall with plants etc) -
+
Additional nZEB costs €/m²
 
Tooltip: Test - Help/Referrences +
Funding (if applicable) €/m²
 
A carbon tax is a fee that a government imposes on non-renewable energy sources. For example 130€ per ton CO2. Calculation will be made by applying carbon tax on the energy consumption of the referrence and nZEb building based on the CO2 emissions for heating/cooling and electricity selected in the global parameter section. +
Carbon tax (if applicable) € / t CO2
         
  Energy Parameters
 
New space heating demand of the nZEB variant.
The amount of active heating input required to heat a building usually expressed in kWh/m2/yr. It is often calculated using building energy software applications such as PHPP, National building certificate calculation, building simulation e.g.
+
Heating demand kWh/m²yr
 
Space cooling demand. The amount of active cooling input required to achieve a defined a maximum indoor comfort temperature a building usually expressed in kWh/m2/yr. It is often calculated using building energy software applications such as PHPP, National building certificate calculation, building simulation e.g. +
Cooling demand kWh/m²yr
 
Electricity demand is defined as the electrical energy consumed in the building to meet the needs of the household/ office (excluding heating and cooling). +
Electricity demand kWh/m²yr
 
The PV yield is the total annual energy [kWh] generated from photovoltaics per treated floor area of the building. +
PV yield  kWh/m²yr
 
Amout of kWh/m²yr of the PV yield that is self consumed in the building itself and not exported to the grid. +
PV self-consumption kWh/m²yr
         
  Added Values (in comparison to reference building)
 
Expected lowering the direct yield due to the lower risk of a high quality nZEB development +
Expected Higher Yield
 
This input is only relevant if the property is rented out externally:

- About 2 - 10% lower vacancies in certified nZEB properties (foreign academic studies)
Recommended estimate by CRAVEzero: 3% lower
+
Reduced  vacancy
 
This input is only relevant if the property is rented out externally

Estimate the expected higher rental income of the nZEB variant compared to the reference case
Basis: 3-17% higher rents certified nZEB properties (foreign academic studies)
CRAVEzero recommendation: 2-5 %
+
Higher rent
 
This input is only relevant if the property is rented out externally
Estimate the efaster rental of the nZEB variant to a tennand compared to the reference case in months.
CRAVEzero recommendation: 1-3 months
+
Faster rental of building
months
 
Number of additional press clippings that the nZEB building will generate a total (due to ist innovative frontrunner character)

Basis: Approximately 20-24 articles generated through environmental certification for the frontunner nZEB buildings analyed in CRAVEzero
+
Number of press clippings
 
         
         
  Added Values (owner occumpied office Buildings only)
 
This input is only relevant if the property is owner occupied
Increased productivity of employees justified by better indoor climate improved through the proper temperature, better air quality (monitoring) non-hazardous materials, better and more natural lighting as well as through image. Also justified by the employer profiled as environmental responsible and future orientated and becomes more attractive and thus manage to recruit better and thus more productive staff.
+
Increased productivity
 
This input is only relevant if the property is owner occupied
Reduced staff turnover justified by lower staff turnover due to work place quality and improved working environemt.
+
Lower staff turnover
 
This input is only relevant if the property is owner occupied:
Lower absenteeism justified by allergies, depression, stress and asthma, etc. have the potential to decrease due to the optimal comfort levels air quality, non-hazardous building materials and well-being.
+
Reduced sick leaves
  ❸ Results - nZEB Business Benefits
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
For a detailed calculation of the results visit the next TAB "Detailed Results" ❶ Reduced energy costs 
€/a ❻ Increased revenue at sales year 
  ❷ Increased rental income €/a ❼ Increased productivity €/a
  ❸ Increased rental income €/a ❽ Lower staff turnover  €/a
  ❹ Publicity Value €/a ❾ Lower sick leaves €/a
  ❺ Faster Rent ❿ Reduced CO2 Emissions CO2/m²yr
  ❹ Global Parameters - General
                   
    Real discount rate 
per Year/ without inflation
    Electricity price imported energy € per kWh
    Energy Price increase electricity
per Year/ without inflation
    Electricity price exported energy € per kWh
    Energy Price increase heat
per Year/ without inflation
    CO2 Emissions Electricity gCO2/kWh
    Heating Price € per kWh     CO2 Emissions Heating/Cooling gCO2/kWh
    Cooling Price € per kWh          
                   
  ❺ Global Parameters - Office only    
             
  Avg. gross monthly wage / employee / month      
  Cost to hire an employee      
  Mean working days per year days/year      
 
% of total labour costs
Labour Costs are the total expenditure borne by employers for the purpose of employing staff. They include employee compensation (including wages, salaries in cash and in kind, employers' social security contributions), vocational training costs, other expenditure such as recruitment costs, spending on working clothes and employment taxes regarded as labour costs minus any subsidies received.
Employer & social costs
     
  Sick-leaves of employees
   
             
                         
                         
  YEAR 1: Increased property value improved net operating income
                         
    Adopted property value reference building           €/ m2  
                         
    lower energy costs               / m2 (saleable area)  
    Increased rental income               / m2 (saleable area)  
    Improved operating net total:               / m2 (saleable area)  
                         
    Improved operating net total:               / m2 (saleable area)  
    Adopted yield in reference case               %  
    Increased property value due to improved net operating income (€/ m2):          €/ m2  
                         
    Salable / rentable area (saleable area)             m2 (saleable area)  
    Increased property value due to improved net operating income (€):         
    Value of raising the reference case by approximately:               %  
                         
                         
  YEAR 1: Increased property value due to the lower yield
                         
    Salable / rentable area (saleable area)             m2  
    Adopted yield in reference case               %  
    Adopted property value reference case           €/ m2  
    The resulting net operating income for comparable objects:           €/ m2  
                         
                         
    Adopted yield in reference case               %  
    Reduced yield due to lower risk               %  
    New yield property                %  
                         
    New yield property               % units  
    Operating net for reference case (derived above):             / m2  
    The resulting property value of the nZEB           €/ m2  
                         
                         
    Increased property value due to reduced yield (/ m2 saleable area):          / m2 (saleable area)  
    Increased property value due to reduced yield (€):             
    Value of raising the reference case by approximately:               %  
                         
                         
  Energy saving, incl. electricity
          Heating Cooling Electricty           
  1                      
    Specific energy demand (Reference Building)     kWh/ m2      
    Specific energy demand (nZEB)     kWh/m2      
    Reduced need for imported energy:     kWh / m2 (Energy reference area)  
  2                      
    PV yield         kWh / m2      
    total:         kWh / m2 (Energy reference area)  
                         
  3                      
    Part of their own electricity generation, electricity sold to the grid       kWh / m2      
    total:         kWh / m2 (Energy reference area)  
                         
                         
  Conversion / m2 (Energy reference area) to / m2
      District heating District cooling El              
  1                      
    Reduced need for purchased energy (Energy reference area): kWh / m2 (energy reference area)      
    Conversion factor (Treated Fllor area to saleabe area)              
    Reduced need for purchased energy (saleable area): kWh / m2 (Saleable area)      
  2                      
    Most of own electricity, to the property / activities (Energy reference area) kWh / m2 (energy reference area)      
    Conversion factor (Energy reference area / saleable area):                  
    Total (saleable area)     kWh / m2 2 (Saleable area)      
  3                      
    Part of their own electricity generation, electricity sold to the grid (Energy reference area) kWh / m2          
    Conversion factor (Energy reference area / saleable area):                  
    total:     kWh / m2 (Saleable area)      
                         
                         
                         
  cost reduction
      District heating District cooling El Totally            
  1                      
    Energy price of purchased energy   / kWh          
    Reduced need for purchased energy:   kWh / m2         
    Reduced cost of purchased energy:   €/m2a          
  2                      
    Price per kWh of imported energy       €/ kWh          
    Electricity Self Consumption       kWh / m2 (saleable area)        
    Value of the property's self-produced electricity       €/ m2 (saleable area)      
  3                      
    Value of generated electricity sold to the grid       / kWh          
    Part of their own electricity generation, electricity sold to the grid (Energy reference area)   kWh / m2 (saleable area)        
    total:       / m2 (saleable area)      
                         
  Altogether                    
      District heating District cooling El Totally            
    Reduced cost / income thanks to energy €/ m2 (saleable area)      
                         
                         
  CO2 reduction
      District heating District cooling El Totally            
  1                      
    CO2 eq. Emissions    g/ kWh          
    Reduced need for purchased energy:   kWh / m2         
    Reduced CO2 Emissionsof purchased energy:   g/m2a          
  2                      
    CO2 eq per kWh of imported energy       g/ kWh          
    Electricity Self Consumption       kWh / m2 (saleable area)        
    Value of the property's self-produced electricity       €/ m2 (saleable area)      
  3                      
    Value of generated electricity sold to the grid       g/ kWh          
    Part of their own electricity generation, electricity sold to the grid (Energy reference area)   kWh / m2 (saleable area)        
    total:       / m2 (saleable area)      
                         
  Altogether                    
      District heating District cooling El Totally            
    Reduced CO2emissions thanks to energy savings/renewables g/ m2 (saleable area)   Co2 Follow-up costs:  
    Reduced CO2emissions thanks to energy savings/renewables t/ m2 (saleable area)      
    Reduced CO2follow up costs €/m²          
                         
  Rents
                         
    Rented the property out externally? (1 = yes, 0 = no)                  
    (Rental property not generate revenue or faster then the rent is rented totally internally)             
                         
    Tenant value         / m2 (saleable area)    
    reference case vacancy:         % vacancies      
    reference case rents       €/m2a        
    Adopted rent%:         %        
    Increased level of rent if the property is rented out externally       €/m2a        
    Increased rental income after taking into account the assumed vacancy level   €/m2a        
                         
                         
  faster rentals
                         
    Number of months quicker rentals         months        
    Corresponding:         year        
    reference case rents per year         €/ m2 (saleable area)      
    The savings due to faster rental year 1         / m2 (saleable area)    
                         
                         
  vacancy rates
                         
    Rented the property out externally? (1 = yes, 0 = no)                  
    (Rental property not generate revenue or faster rental                     
    when the temporary totally internally)                     
                         
                         
    reference case rents / m2 (saleable area) per month        
    Adopted lower level vacancy   % units              
    Increased rental income due to lower vacancy rates:   / m2 (saleable area)          
                         
                         
  Total value per year for the tenant
  final Result                    
          Total in € Per square meter (saleable area)  
    Total value of the tenant:   / m2 (saleable area)  
                         
                         
                         
  Employee turnover
  final Result                    
          Total in $ Per square meter  
    Total savings due to reduced staff turnover:     € / m2    
                         
  Calculation                    
                         
    Salable / rentable area (saleable area)             m2  
    Total number of employees in the building:             Employees  
    Reduced employee turnover:             %  
    Reduced number of services that need to be translated per year:           st services  
    Total cost to hire a person (including marketing e.g.)            
    Total savings that thanks to reduced employee turnover:              
                         
                         
  Productivity
  final Result                    
          Total in € Per square meter  
    Total savings through productivity improvement   € / m2    
                         
  Calculation                    
                         
    Average monthly salary per employee             / month  
    Number of months of qualifying for salary               12 months, ie including holiday  
    Employer             %  
    This corresponds to an average salary cost for renter incl. holiday at:         / year and employee of the tenant  
                         
    Total number of employees in the building:             People  
    Average annual labor costs per employee (incl. Employer):           / year  
    productivity Improvement             %  
    Total savings through productivity improvement              
                         
                         
  Sick leave
  final Result                    
          Total in € Per square meter (saleable area)  
    Savings thanks to reduced absenteeism     €/ m2  
                         
  Calculation                    
                         
    reference case absenteeism percentage             %  
    Days per year             days  
    reference case number of sick days per year and person             days  
                         
    reference case number of sick days per year and person               days  
    Reducing absenteeism               %  
    Number reduced sick days per person and year:               days  
    Number reduced sick days per year, the total of all of the property:         days  
                         
    Number reduced sick days per person and year:               days  
    Total number of employees in the building:             Employees  
    Days per year               days  
    Average annual labor costs per employee (incl. Employer):           / Year & employee   
    Savings thanks to reduced absenteeism              
                         
                         
  Publicity Value
                       
  Salable / rentable area (saleable area)             m2    
  Forecast of extra clippings that the property will generate           st    
  Number of years that generated press cuttings are distributed           3 year    
  Cost to place an ad in the same media and formats           1.500 € / clipping  
  Correction factor, to adjust the ad value to the value of editorial           2,0      
  A total publicity value:            
  A total publicity value:             €/m2    
  A total publicity value per year: